Publicaciones etiquetadas como Datos abiertos
This handbook discusses the legal, social and technical aspects of open data. It can be used by anyone but is especially designed for those seeking to open up data. It discusses the why, what and how of open data – why to go open, what open is, and the how to ‘open’ data…
… is a shift towards localism, allowing communities to shape their own future. It is about small scale activity as opposed to those on a national or global scale, on everything from food and energy production to politics. Again this trend is not specific to the UK but finds resonance in other parts of Europe and North America. Taken together, localism and regionalism form part of a powerful countercurrent to globalisation. In the UK however, the debate about the government’s Localism Bill has been soured by the suspicion that, for all the proposals to devolve power to communities and local authorities, the bill is no more than a Trojan horse for a hidden agenda of economic growth at any cost, unfettered by planning regulations or community consultation.
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It is these trends which combine to allow the emergence of new forms of civic activity using the internet as both an organising tool and a means by which skills, information and ideas are shared and spread rapidly. There are four examples that are worth looking at. Others can probably add to the list.
[1] The first is the spread of what are called ‘hyperlocal websites’, citizen run websites where news, views and issues are aired and discussed. … three well established neighbourhood web sites Brockely Central, East Dulwich Forum and Harringay Online. All of them, with their mix of news, blogs and discussion forums reflect the interests and concerns of local people. People are free to publish content on any subject unmediated by the filtering effects of commercial newspapers …
[2] The second example is the creation of online resources such as OpenlyLocal andMySociety which are driving forward more open, accountable government …
[3] A third example is online sites which are repositories of spreadsheet data. These have grown exponentially as the result of the push for open data. Two of the best known ones are Guardian Data Blog and Google Public data and both hold a range of data on everything from child poverty to school league tables. This data has been pulled from sites such as data.gov.uk or Eurostat and turned into simple powerful visualisations such as heat maps, bar charts or pie charts …
[4] Finally there are the peer learning networks and training organisations to which community activists can turn for help and resources. Our Society is an online peer learning network where you can set up a profile to say a bit about yourself and join working groups that usually focused around a particular theme such as community organising, localism or sustainability. But for many community activists unfamiliar with the interne, there is now a growing range of hands-on support and training offered by organisations such as Networked Neighbourhoods, Talk About Local, Podnosh and Social Reporter to name but a few …
While representative democracy remains central to our state institutions it needs to be complimented by more open government at the local level which allows people a direct say in both the decisions that shape their lives - and the means by which they are carried out. It is this prospect offered by the internet and social media tools in particular - and the contours of this new landscape are already evident.
Nor is there any let up in momentum. These technologies are barely ten years old and are accompanied by the spread of cheap broadband and free wifi. The digital divide still means that significant numbers of people in our most deprived communities don’t have access to a computer at home; but smart-phone technology is beginning to fill the gaps. Technological advancement and the open data movement combined with the localism agenda, have created too great a momentum to be knocked off course by the heated contention about the present government’s approach. These are paradigm shifts that are bigger than any political party and will outlast this government and the next …
Un año más desde gencat blog presentan las predicciones para 2012 sobre Administración y redes sociales.
1. Incremento de los concursos de aplicaciones a partir de datos públicos. Especial atención a las aplicaciones relacionadas con el transporte público.
2. Adaptación a web móvil, y navegación por tabletas de las webs municipales. Así como sus versiones para Facebook.
3. Primeras iniciativas de información a partir de los canales de Messenger y WhatsApp. Información instantánea y directa agrupada por intereses y / o personalizada.
4. Integración del Códigos QR en grandes equipamientos, edificios públicos y espacios singulares.
5. Ampliación de grandes zonas wifi en espacios públicos, con especial atención a las zonas deportivas o espacios sociales.
6. Twitter como canal de referencia para emergencias, avisos, señalizaciones, etc. Las etiquetas que se utilizan habitualmente generarán auténticas comunidades de usuarios agrupados por intereses.
7. Smarts cities en smart citizens. El concepto de ciudades inteligentes evolucionará hacia el de ciudadanos inteligentes, favoreciendo propuestas de innovación de abajo a arriba.
8. Plataformas municipales para la participación ciudadana. Para aprovechar la iniciativa de los ciudadanos, la administración ofrecerá y dinamizará plataformas para que la creatividad para encontrar soluciones tecnológicas a los nuevos retos tenga espacios donde hacerlo.
Resumen: El término de Gobierno Abierto no es nada nuevo. A fines de los años ´70 del siglo XX, apareció por primera vez en el espacio político británico y en su concepción original trataba diversas cuestiones relacionadas con el secreto de gobierno e iniciativas para “abrir las ventanas” del sector público hacia el escrutinio ciudadano, con el objeto de reducir la opacidad burocrática (Chapman y Hunt, 1987). En la actualidad, se ha posicionado como un nuevo eje articulador de los esfuerzos por mejorar las capacidades del gobierno y modernizar las administraciones públicas (OCDE, 2010) bajo los principios de la transparencia y apertura, la participación y la colaboración. Por ello y dada la escasez relativa de trabajos de investigación y estudios aplicados sobre el tema, la ponencia presenta una síntesis y un análisis histórico de la evolución del concepto, en clave política y tecnológica, para luego contextualizarlo en su vinculación a los medios que le han servido de plataforma de reconfiguración, en el camino a transformarse en el nuevo paradigma (o modelo) de gobernanza abierta y colaborativa que contribuya a mejorar los sistemas democráticos y potenciar un nuevo contrato social: el fenómeno de la Web 2.0 (O´Reilly, 2004; Noveck, 2009), el Estado Red (Castells, 2009; Eggers y Goldsmith, 2004) y el uso intensivo de las tecnologías, redes sociales y capital social (Calderón y Lorenzo, 2010; Lathrop y Ruma, 2010; Shirky, 2011; Tapscott, 2011). Finalmente, se presenta una matriz de análisis comparado a partir de las experiencias pioneras y casos emblemáticos (Obama, 2009; Cabinet Office, 2010; Irekia, 2010), para cerrar identificando los desafíos y posibles líneas de acción y estrategias que sustenten su aplicación y desarrollo a futuro.
… The concern that open data may simply empower the empowered is not an argument against open data; it’s an argument against looking at open data as an end in itself. Massive data dumps and even friendly online government portals are insufficient. Ordinary people need to know what information is available, and they need the training to be conversant in it. And if people are to have anything more than theoretical access to the information, it needs to be easy and cheap to use. That means investing in the kinds of organizations doing outreach, advocacy, and education in the communities least familiar with the benefits of data transparency. If we want truly open government, we still have to do the hard work of addressing basic and stubborn inequalities. However freely it flows, the data alone isn’t enough.
Trust issues in Web service mash–ups, by Kevin Lee, Nicolas Kaufmann and Georg Buss. First Monday, Volume 16, Number 8 - 1 August 2011
Abstract
With the emergence of Web service mash–ups (Web applications that integrate different data sources), online data integration and aggregation is increasingly becoming the online norm for both commercial and non–commercial users. With such widespread adoption of data integration from discrete sources, the question emerges as to whether the resultant mash–up can be considered as trustworthy. This paper explores the concepts behind Web service mash–ups to determine the factors influencing their trustworthiness. The focus is on examining data quality and data assurance issues for both data providers and mash–up consumers.
How do you take the enormous amount of critical information gathered every day by city agencies and make it actually useful to citizens? On the City of New York’s DataMine web site, just looking through the list of datasets generated by the Department of Transportation alone is enough to give you a headache. Enter the annual NYC Big Apps competition – a call to software developers who can mine this data and find ingenious ways to put it at the fingertips, or keyboard clicks, of the average New Yorker. This April, winners received a total of $20,000 in cash, the wide exposure their work deserves, investment meetings with BMW, and a chance to talk to Mayor Bloomberg about their ideas…
a report by Marco Fioretti for the Laboratory of Economics and Management of Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa (the report, finished in October 2010 …)
This report discusses the current and potential role, in a truly open society, of raw Public Sector Information (PSI) that is really open, that is fully accessible and reusable by everybody. The general characteristics of PSI and the conclusions are based on previous studies and on the analysis of current examples both from the European Union and the rest of the world.
Generation, management and usage of data constituting what is normally called PSI is a very large topic. This report only focuses on some parts of it. First of all, we only look here at really “public” PSI, that is information (from maps to aggregate health data) that is not tied to any single individual and whose publication, therefore, raises no privacy issues.
It is also important to distinguish between actual raw data (basic elements of information like numbers, names, dates, single geographical features like the shape of a lake, addresses…), their results (more or less complex documents, policies, laws…) and the procedures and chains of command followed to generate and use such results, that is to vote or, inside Public Administrations, to take or implement decisions.
So far, discussion and research on Open Data at national level has had relatively more coverage, even if much of the PSI that has the most direct impact on the life of most citizens is the one that is generated, managed and used by local, not central, administrations and end users (citizens, businesses or other organizations). Creation of wealth and jobs can be easier, faster and cheaper to stimulate, especially in times of economic crisis, at the local level. Finally, open access to public data is much more necessary for small businesses that for big corporations, since the latter can afford to pay for access to data anyway (and high prices of data may also protect them from competition from smaller companies). For all these reasons, the main focus of this report will be on the raw data that constitute “public” PSI as defined above. This is the reason why in this report the terms “raw data” and “PSI” are practically interchangeable. We will also focus on the local dimension of Open PSI, that is raw data directly produced by, or directly relevant for, local communities (City and Regions), and on their direct impact on local government and local economy …
About:
DataCatalogs.org aims to be the most comprehensive list of open data catalogs in the world. It is curated by a group of leading open data experts from around the world - including representatives from local, regional and national governments, international organisations such as the World Bank, and numerous NGOs.
The alpha version of DataCatalogs.org was launched at OKCon 2011 in Berlin. We have plenty of useful improvements and features in the pipeline, which will be launched over the coming months …
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Ruben Martín presentó datos.fundacionctic.org sitio del ámbito “Open Data” en CTIC, creado para ayudar a las administraciones y organismos públicos en la publicación de su información, de forma que cumpla con su función de servicio público, se ajuste a la normativa vigente y maximice el potencial de su reutilización por terceros, así como al sector tecnológico.
Para Rubén, la corriente Open Data “acerca al ciudadano a la Administración, en busca de transparencia política; la reutilización de datos y la participación del ciudadano en actividades de Gobiernos regionales, ayudan a la democratización de la función pública”. En este sentido nos habló de iniciativas de innovación Pública, en Comunidades Autónomas como Asturias y Euskadi, en donde se están dando “políticas activas de apertura de datos, intentando innovar e involucrar a la ciudadanía en la utilización de esos datos, no sólo a la ciudadanía, sino también a las empresas que conduzcan a generar negocio a partir de esos datos que, si bien es verdad, los tienen las Administraciones Públicas, son de todos”.
Por su parte, Daniel Latorre mantiene que la apertura de datos permite “la transparencia de las Administraciones Públicas, estar más cerca y conocer realmente lo que hacen nuestros políticos, buscando que repercuta en ofrecer mejores servicios al ciudadano, en definitiva, generar empleo y riqueza”. Así nos enseñó DNDzgz, Dónde en Zaragoza nace como un proyecto para Abredatos2010, una iniciativa para el desarrollo exprés (todo el proyecto se desarrolló en 48 hrs) de servicios tecnológicos al ciudadano en el uso de datos públicos.
Materiales generados en la mesa redonda “Experiencias Open Data e innovación abierta” (más información aquí) celebrada en la EOI Escuela de Organización Industrial de Madrid el 5 de mayo, y que forma parte del programa Visualizar’11. Comprender las infraestructuras que organiza Medialab Prado con el apoyo de EOI.
En la mesa participaron Daniel Latorre desarrollador web del proyectoDNDzgz), Ruben Martín (responsable técnico en los proyectos de Open Data de la Fundación CTIC), y Alberto Ortiz de Zárate Tercero (responsable deOpen Data Euskadi, Departamento de Justicia y Administración Pública del Gobierno Vasco).
- Vídeo captura del flujo de stream en Youtube:
- Presentación de Rubén Martín en Slideshare:
#opendata: Apertura y reutilización de datos públicos
- Algunas fotos en Flickr
European public bodies produce thousands upon thousands of datasets every year - about everything from how our tax money is spent to the quality of the air we breathe.
We are challenging designers, developers, journalists, researchers and the general public to come up with something useful, valuable or interesting using open public data.
There are four main strands to the competition:
